Topic 2 Most Common Food Allergens

According to the U.S. National Library of Medicine (2022b), allergens are defined as substances that can cause allergic reactions. These reactions have various forms and occur due to some people’s oversensitive immune system, that identifies certain foods as dangerous and reacts by releasing chemicals to protect the body. According to EFSA (2014), the 14 most common food allergens in the EU are:

Crustaceans

Fish

Molluscs                               

Celery

Sulphur dioxide and sulphites

Eggs

Peanuts                                 

Nuts

Mustard                                 

Cereals containing gluten

Milk (including lactose)

Lupin

Soybeans

Sesame

Visual taken from Canva.com

The above listed 8 allergens marked in bold (crustaceans, fish, eggs, peanuts, nuts, cereals containing gluten, milk, and soybeans) are also in the United States’ official allergen list.  In the U.S. National Library of Medicine (2022b), it is noted that oral allergies may also occur after consumption of fruit such as melon, apple, and pineapple, as well as other foods containing “substances […] similar to certain pollens” (ibid.). It is also noted that food allergy reactions are more often upon consumption of the raw form of the foods and depend on the amount of consumption (ibid.). Rich et al. (2019), explain that the most common allergens’ list varies across the world, however cow’s milk and eggs seem to be considered as major allergens in most parts of the world.

Visual taken from Canva.com